DIFFERENT METHODS FOR SINGLE CRYSTAL GROWTH

Different methods for single crystal growth

To grow a crystal, the basic condition to be attained is the state of supersaturation, followed by the process of nucleation. The information of supersaturation and nucleation forms the basis of crystal growth. The growth of crystals from liquid and gaseous solutions, pure liquids, and pure gases can only occur if some degree of supersaturation or supercooling has been first achieved in the system. The attainment of the supersaturated state is essential for any crystallization operation and the degree of supersaturation or deviation from the equilibrium saturated condition is the prime factor controlling the deposition process. 

INTRODUCTION: 

Crystals are used in semiconductor physics, engineering, as electro-optic devices, etc., so there is an increasing demand for crystals. For years, Natural specimens were the only source of large, well-formed crystals. The growth of crystals generally occurs by means of the following a sequence of processes. Diffusion of the molecules of the crystallizing substance through the surrounding environment. Diffusion of these molecules over the surface of the crystal to special sites on the surface. Today almost all naturally occurring crystals of interest have been synthesized successfully in the laboratory. It is now possible only by crystal growth techniques. The growth aspect differs from crystal depending on their physics and chemical properties such as solubility, melting point, decomposition, phase change, etc, This chapter gives a brief account of the methods of crystal growth. 

BASICS OF CRYSTAL GROWTH: 

To grow a crystal, the basic condition to be attained is the state of supersaturation, followed by the process of nucleation. The information of supersaturation and nucleation forms the basis of crystal growth.